Why PM Modi issued 2000 rupee note: CA explains Arvind Kejriwal in open letter

New Delhi: Delhi CM and AAP chief Arvind Kejriwal Arvind Kejriwal is leaving no stone unturned in expressing his anger at PM Modi's demonetisation policy. He has claimed that 50 per cent of the country's black money was going to BJP's coffers. Kejriwal had said that he had spoken to experts and no one had been able to explain how black money could be fought by axing Rs. 1,000 notes and introducing Rs. 2,000 notes in their place. "What about gold conversion and dollar conversion? Where is the amount going? It is going through backdoor and coming out as Rs 2000 notes. The brokers are in the ruling party. 50 per cent of the entire black money amount is going to BJP...fake Rs 2000 notes hit the market in 24 hours because they are friends with them," he alleged. READ: Are you unknowingly possessing a Benami property? To explain the CM, a chartered accountant from Gujarat has written an open letter to him explaining 'How Rs 2000 note will curb black money'. READ: Paytm takes its ad down after receiving flak on social media; re-uploads upgraded ad This letter has gone viral on internet. Mehul Shah in his open letter has explained the probable logic behind issuing new Rs 2000 note instead of Rs 1000 note. His letter was uploaded on www.blog.taxorigin.com and can be read below: An Open letter to Arvind Kejriwal by CA Mehul Shah to explain the probable Logic behind issuing New 2000 Rupee Note instead of 1000 Rupee Note. Sir, I am a practising Chartered Accountant aged 28 in Surat and I was very hopeful that you would support the Notification for Demonetization of Currency and was very eager for your Reaction because your very entry into Politics was for supporting any small move to reduce Black money and Corruption and after all, this was indeed a very big and bold move….! But after going through the Video released yesterday, my expectations from AAP as a Commonmen were shattered once again because I believed that a person of such stature and designation as you would spread positivity all around without any ifs and buts to make this Mega Clean-up Drive possible and rather help the common men in mitigating the problems rather than nagging about the same and hence I would like to bring to your knowledge the following Points. Point 1 As you have stated in your Video that it took full 2 days for you to understand the various aspects of the Scheme and even after consultation with various Experts , you could not basically understand the Logic of why 2000 Rupee Notes were released instead of 1000 Rupee Note, I would like to make an attempt to tender my best possible logic ( Please enlighten me if I am wrong somewhere) as follows: Sir, let us Simply take 2 Scenarios to understand the funda ! Scenario A : If as per your suggestion , Rs. 2000 Note are not issued but only New Rs. 1000 Notes are issued. Lets say , for example Mr. X has Rs. 1,00,000/- black money in 100 Old Notes of Rs. 1000 each. Mr. X divides those Rs. 1,00,000/- into 10 Equal Bundles, each comprising of 10 Old Notes of Rs. 1000 each and puts each Stack on a Table. On Day 1 , in the morning Mr. X would deposit the first Bundle i.e. 10 Old Notes of Rs. 1000 valued at Rs. 10,000 into the bank and on same Day 1 in the Evening he would withdraw 10 New Notes of Rs. 1000 again valued at Rs. 10,000 and put it in the Locker in his house. Now the real Game starts. On Day 2 : Morning , Mr. X would deposit the second bundle of 10 Old Notes of Rs. 1000 valued at Rs. 10,000 kept on the Table. However in his books of accounts submitted to Income Tax Department, he will show that he has deposited the same 10 New Notes which was withdrawn on Day 1 : Evening ( which is actually still lying in the Locker of House ) On Day 2 : Evening , Mr. X would again withdraw 10 New Notes of Rs. 1000 valued at Rs. 10,000/- and keep the same in Locker . So at the end of Day 2, Mr. X has Rs. 80,000 on Table in Old Notes and Rs. 20,000/- in New Notes in Locker. Now Day 3 will come in next week as limit of Rs. 20000 per week. The same exercise shall continue till Day 10 and by the end of Day 10, Mr. X shall have no Old Notes and Rs. 1,00,000 in 100 New 1000 Rupee Note in the Locker. However, to the Income Tax Department while presenting his cash book, Mr. X has shown that he was having only Rs. 10,000/- as black money initially ( i.e. one bundle of 10 Notes of Rs. 1000 ) and he has rotated the same Rs. 10,000/- by depositing it into Bank account in the morning and withdrawing it in the evening and again redepositing the same on next day and so on. Thus, Mr. X has paid tax only on initial Rs. 10,000 whereas he has managed to convert all his Black money of Rs. 1,00,000 into new Notes. This Modus operandi is called Peak theory i.e. theory of rotation of same money which is accepted by most of the High Courts and Tribunals. Revenue is also sometimes helpless to catch Mr. X because the above scenario can also occur in genuine cases where you withdraw money from bank to purchase something and then when you think that no good deal is available, you may again deposit the same money into your bank account and hence logically are not required to pay tax again. Scenario B : Watch what happens when PM issues New 2000 Rupee Note instead of 1000….! Mr. X deposits first bundle of 10 Old Notes lying on Table in the Bank on Day 1 : Morning and then he withdraws 5 New Notes of Rs. 2000 on Day 1: Evening and keeps it in locker. Now on Day 2 : Morning when he goes to deposit second bundle of 10 Old Notes of Rs. 1000 each and wrongly shows the Income Tax Department based on cash book that he has redeposited the same money which was withdrawn on Day 1:Evening – Bingo !!! He is caught red handed !! Because if AO enquires , the Bank slip on Day 2 submitted to bank shows deposition of 10 Notes of Rs. 1000 each whereas the Govt knows that Mr. X could never have withdrawn on Day 1 any note of Rs. 1000 because they were never Printed !!!! The above examples are described to understand the concept of rotation of money and the fact that no tax is levied on redeposit . Although it is not that in Scenario A, Mr. X can “never” be caught however the probability of getting caught is quite low because the cash book submitted to him shows rotation of same cash and the process of inquiry with Banks and their internal MIS would be way too tedious for the I.T Officer in scrutiny because withdrawals and deposits are natural processes for anyone and common men would not like to be always looked upon with suspicion and even if I.T officer inquires about the denominations in Scenario A he would not be able to have any adverse view on enquiry as the bank slip for deposit does not contain any differentiation of old and new notes but simply contains 10 * 1000 and however the same would be a base point for more inquiries in case of Scenario B. Sir, you have stated in the Video that if Someone gives you the logic of issuing New notes of Rs. 2000 instead of Rs. 1000, you will Salute the PM and support him in his endeavour. I hope this explanations finds you in good health and I am waiting for your support in full sense. Even if the above explanation is hypothetical as a concept, it gives a glimpse that such on-paper rotations may be attempted or many other jugaad is also possible using the same theory so we should rather rely on and respect the PM of our country who is elected through clear democratic majority and have confidence that he would have taken this decision in the best interest of the country. Making any other alternative like having bank slip show the bifurcation of Notes into Old and New as you might argue would make the process more cumbersome and lengthy and bank quenue will increase further. Someone may also argue that notes serial numbers may be tracked but you know that I.T officals have many other things to investigate than sit back and tally the serial numbers of notes deposited or even the denominations and when majority of the taxpayers are honest citizens and hence you would not like to harass all taxpayers to prove whether rotation in their bank statement is genuine or not but the best way is to go for a strategic decision to disincentivise the rotation of money by keeping lower withdrawal limits and just deferring the printing of Rs. 1000 note as taken by our PM. Further, the fact that when someone is holding the new Rs. 2000 Rupee Note , he is phychologicaly getting a sense of freshness that the country is in the growth phase. Messages are being circulated not to write anything on New Notes. Imagine if the Government would have never issued new higher denominations notes with inflation and growth we would still be dealing with Annas and Pavlis! Sir, the above example also gives you an explanation as to why the withdrawal limit is kept so low and you should educate people around who are standing in long queues and nagging about low withdrawal limits and explain them as to how higher withdrawal limit may lead to more rotations and tax evasions. Though the above modus operandi can still be done with Rs. 500 note however, as mentioned the incentive would be less because Mr. X cannot withdraw more than Rs. 10000/- in a day and even if he withdraws Rs. 10,000/-, there is every possibility that Banks shall give Mr. X, 2000 Rupee note. So Mr. X cannot follow the above modus operandi. And believe me Sir, each and every condition in the Notification is seen to take care of the problems likely to be faced by Citizens and at the same time making sure that such Sophisticated theories are not resorted to by Black money hoarders, but questioning everything in the name of Freedom of Expression may create Panic situations or bring out Loopholes in Notifications and hamper the success of reforms. Point 2 Sir, you have again criticised and stated in the Video that printing Rs. 2000 rupee note will help to increase Corruption because Stacking those Rs. 2000 Rupee Notes would require lesser Space as compared to Stacking Rs. 1000 Notes. In this regard, I would like to ask that Sir, have you come across any case where the “Babus” have not taken any bribe and done work honestly because they had a small Bag which could not be fitted with Rs 1000 Notes ?! Or have you come across any Businessman who has declared unaccounted money solely because there was no space to keep those Rs. 1000 Notes !! Point 3 As stated in the Video by you, it is true that inspite of PM efforts, there shall be dubious commission agents and unaccounted Investment in gold through jewellers, but as far as I remember when the jewellers were on strike for 45 days when our PM levied excise duty on gold in month of April 2016, it was you who supported their strike. It shows that whenever some changes are suggested to regulate a particular Market, AAP opposes them and then now you nag that the Gold market is unregulated. Infact I believe that the PM had a full blue print for the development of our country right from Day 1 of his being elected if I recall my last 3 years as a Professional. Firstly they asked for all the bank account number in your Return of Income Then they linked your PAN with Aadhar They linked all the subsidies, pension and other benefits directly to your bank account through Direct Benefit Transfer Scheme. Then they gave opportunity to all the common men to open an account with bank through Jan Dhan Yojna They entered into revised treaty with most of the countries in which unaccounted money goes through HAWALA e.g. Mauritius and thus the route of Black Money coming from Mauritius which everyone knew is stopped. They passed few strict laws to overcome the evil of black money such as Benami Transaction Act and Foreign Black Money Act They levied Excise duty on Gold. They also made TCS compulsory for Cash transactions above 2 lakhs. They withdrew lakhs of pending income tax and service tax litigations where Common men had won at Appeal level and Department had gone further. They also entered into information exchange agreement with such countries. Then they gave last opportunity to all black money hoarders through Income Declaration Scheme, 2016 Now they have a Scheme for Dispute Resolution Panel again to reduce Litigation till December 2016. Now the masterstroke, that they have banned Rs. 500 & Rs. 1000 denominations. Not only the destination of this whole process is commendable but even the journey or the chronology of these events is interesting which explains the ultimate destination and who knows , may be the journey is still not over and the ultimate destination may still be the Swiss Account holders!! Point 4 Further, you have stated in your Video that penalty would be levied at the rate of 200%. The said statement has created a panic and people have stated discounting their own hard earned cash. Being in Income tax Department in the past , you ought to know that as per the present Income Tax Act,1961 penalty is never levied on Cash deposits but on “concealed income”. Hence when the common men is depositing Cash in hand which is duly accounted or out of his past savings and even out of unaccounted current years income whose return is yet to be filed, there shall not be any penalty if there is no mismatch between returned income and assessed income. Even the Government Officials in their statement used the words “underreporting” or “mismatch”. To understand the definition of “underreporting”, Sir please refer Section 270A of the Income Tax Act or go through the following article: Instead you could have encouraged the citizens to pay appropriate Tax. Point 5 Nowhere in the Video have you stated anything relating to Fake currency or Counterfeit Notes because you know that the issue of Existing Fake Currency is solved foolproof. Which situation would be better ? Scenario A: A Labourer standing in queue to exchange Notes from bank for a Short term. Scenario B : A Labourer working hard whole day to get a Fake Note at the end of the day?! The issue of Terrorrist Funding is also tackled but you chose to remain silent on the same. You have stated that Modiji should have infused Rs 100 Note from before and it would have been you only to have said in this video that “Arre ATM se do din pehle se hi Sirf Rs. 100 ki Note bahar aa rahi thi toh sab ko pata tha , yek koi Secret nahi tha” Conclusion Now Sir, if I am to believe that you really don’t understand these simple concepts even after consulting with Experts for 2 days as already described by you, I am deeply saddened because the common men believe that you are an IITian and have spent considerable time in Income Tax Department also. Contrary to the same, If I am to believe that you already know the benefits of demonetization which I first learnt in Standard 8 when subject of economics was introduced to me and the concept of Peak Theory which is described by me above and which I learnt with my very limited experience while pursuing my profession of Chartered Accountancy , then I am more saddened and feel AAP Party as more dangerous because I believe that above any religion, politics or reservations in any caste or creed, it will always be education which shall uplift the common men and it is the common men who have elevated you to a position where you are looked by millions as their Idol and it is your duty to educate them and spread knowledge and not keep them in ignorance to preserve your vote bank. I am grateful to all my Teachers who have selflessly shared their knowledge and some fellow members of CA fraternity who are playing an active role in creating awareness and educating Commonmen about the positive consequences of Demonetization true to the Jewel crowned to the profession as “Partner in Nation Building” and I would therefore like to advise the citizens not to sell the notes at discounted prices or deposit the cash into bank accounts of other benami persons in fear of penalty. Further, do not claim any bogus expenses or bogus loss to gain more trouble. Do not manipulate accounts by creating bogus cash on hand. Be sporty and pay tax honestly to buy peace of building capital. Jai Hind. Regards, CA Mehul Shah Surat mehul@raseshca.com PS : Sir, Please share the same explanation to Rahul Gandhiji too as lately you both share the same thoughts and statements and have same queries. Having said this, I also agree that at ground level everyone has to act responsibly especially the Government to make sure there is smooth implementation and no casualities. But the thust of this letter is to encourage citizens to pay taxes and come free. Wait for a miraculous amount of tax collection this year !! I have mainly written this Letter for my love for writing and my love for questioning and understanding the concepts and in view of the freedom of speech and expression my country offers and hope that no one is offended. (ABP News has not been able to verify the details listed out above)