Jharkhand HC Spots Error In BNS's Mob Lynching Provision, Directs Publisher To Halt Sale Of Copies

Jharkhand HC said that even a small typographical error or an omission will lead to great injustice and embarrassment to all concerned even to the lawyers and Court.

Jharkhand HC observed that any small error at any place will have a huge impact on interpretation of the law and also their applications.

Source : Jharkhand High Court website

The Jharkhand High Court on Monday took suo motu cognizance of an error in the copy of Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) bare act published by the Universal LexisNexis.

A division bench of Justices Ananda Sen and Subhash Chand noted that Section 103(2), which deals with mob lynching, had been incorrectly phrased in the Universal LexisNexis version.

The bench pointed out that the version used the words “any other ground” instead of “any other similar ground,” in the Section 103 (2) of BNS.

The bench observed that any small error at any place will have a huge impact on interpretation of the law and also their applications.

"A small typographical error or an omission will lead to great injustice and embarrassment to all concerned even to the lawyers and Court."

The court noted that since these three laws have entirely changed, several publishers have come forward to publish Bare Acts and Criminal Manuals. "There are numerous publishers in the market and there is huge demand for these Bare Acts. Publishers have also printed these Bare Acts in huge quantity and the same have been and are being purchased by large number of people, including Advocates, Courts, Libraries, and Law Enforcing Agencies and several institutions. Thus, any publication of these laws are expected to be without any error. "

The court stated that while going through the “Bare Act – Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita” published by “Universal LexisNexis” we have found a major omission and error which goes to the root of one of the penal provision and in fact changes the interpretation and application of the same.

Section 103 of the said Act provides for punishment of murder. Sub Section (1) of Section 103 provides that whoever commits murder shall be punished with death or with imprisonment for life and shall also be liable to fine. The error is in Section 103 (2) of the said Act.

Section103(2) of Bharatiya Nyay Sanhita, as published and printed by “Universal LexisNexis” reads as under:-

“Punishment for Murder (1) …(2) When a group of five or more persons acting in concert commits murder on the ground of race, caste or community sex, place of birth, language, personal belief or any other ground each member of such group shall be punished with death or with imprisonment for life and cell also be liable to fine.”

The bench pointed out that in the Gazette Notification of the Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, downloaded from the website of the Ministry of Home, Section 103(2) of the Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita reads as under:-

"Punishment for murder.
103(1) …(2) When a group of five or more persons acting in concert commits murder on the ground of race, caste or community, sex, place of birth, language, personal belief or any other similar ground each member of such group shall be punished with death or with imprisonment for life, and shall also be liable to fine."

In Section 103(2) of the Bharatiya Nyay Sanhita, published and printed by “Universal LexisNexis” the word “similar” after the phrase “or any other” and before the word “ground” has been omitted.

The bench said that such an omission of the word has a huge impact, and in fact, entirely changes the intent, purport and interpretation of Section 103(2) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita.

"This will give a wrong impression to all person concerned and there are high probabilities that by these provisions as printed and published by “Universal LexisNexis”, may cause injustice.The error apparent is substantiated from the fact that a comment based on the notes of the Bill has also been printed in the Bare Act, wherein the phrase “or any other similar ground” has been mentioned."

The court further said that it has also gone through several other publications like Professional Book Depot, Delhi; Kamal Law House, Kolkata, Eastern Book Company and other publishers, and in all these publications, the word “similar” finds places, which is there as per the Gazette Notification.

"We are not saying that this error is deliberate, but may be a human error and might have been caused due to oversight, but this error can become fatal and embarrassing to all concerned, thus, it needs to be cured immediately," the bench said.

The court directed that the publisher, Universal LexisNexis should immediately take urgent appropriate steps to rectify this error without any delay as because naturally large number of copies of this Bare Acts and Criminal Manual must have been published and sold to numerous advocates, Courts, institutions and individuals.

"By way of immediate measure, they should highlight this error and publish prominently a corrigendum along with correct provision in each and every National Newspaper of the country published in English and also in all leading Newspapers, published in vernacular languages which have wide circulation in each and every State and Union Territory of the country."

The court further said that this publication must be given prominence so that it catches the eyes of all the readers very easily.

"Further, Bare Acts and Criminal Manual published by Universal LexisNexis so far as Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita is concerned, which have not been sold and are lying with the Book Sellers or Distributors, should not be sold further unless its contents are rectified and corrected."

The court said that they should be sold only after carrying necessary rectification / correction and asked the publisher Universal LexisNexis to inform the Court as to what steps they are taking to make necessary correction in relation to their BareActs and Criminal Manual so far as Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita is concerned, which has been sold and supplied to the Advocates, Institutions and public at large.