Understanding Brain Tumours — What You Should Know

A brain tumour is an abnormal growth of cells in the brain, whose presence can cause serious health problems due to the sensitive and vital functions of the brain.

World Brain Tumour Day 2025

Source : Canva

(By Dr. Amitabha Das )

World Brain Tumour Day 2025: June 8th marks World Brain Tumour Day — an important opportunity to raise awareness about brain tumours and the need for early diagnosis and care. A brain tumour is an abnormal growth of cells in the brain. While the word “tumour” can be alarming, it’s important to remember that not all brain tumours are cancerous. Many are benign, meaning they do not spread, but their presence can still cause serious health problems due to the sensitive and vital functions of the brain.

Common Symptoms To Watch:

Symptoms of a brain tumour can vary depending on the tumour’s location and size. Common signs include headaches that are worse in the morning and may improve as the day goes on, unexplained vomiting, sudden changes in vision like blurriness or double vision, and progressive weakness or numbness in an arm or leg.

People may also notice memory loss, confusion, or personality changes. In some cases, seizures or sudden blackouts can occur, which are often a first sign of a brain tumour.

When To Consult A Neurosurgeon:

If you or a loved one develops these symptoms, especially if they are new or getting worse, it’s essential to see a neurosurgeon without delay. A neurosurgeon specializes in evaluating and managing these complex conditions. Early evaluation can help identify the cause quickly, leading to faster and more effective treatment that can significantly improve outcomes.

Diagnosis:

To diagnose a brain tumour, doctors typically start with imaging tests like a CT scan or an MRI. These scans create detailed pictures of the brain, helping pinpoint the tumour’s location, size, and possible type. A biopsy—where a small piece of the tumour is removed and examined under a microscope—is often needed to confirm whether the tumour is cancerous.

When Are Radiotherapy And Chemotherapy Used?

Radiotherapy uses high-energy rays to destroy tumour cells and is often given after surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence. Chemotherapy involves special drugs that attack cancer cells and is used alongside radiotherapy in some cases or when the tumour is aggressive. These treatments can also be the primary therapy for tumours that cannot be surgically removed due to their location or risk.

Take-Home Message:

Not all brain tumours are cancerous, but any unusual or worsening symptoms should never be ignored. Prompt diagnosis and modern treatment can save lives and improve quality of life. If you have concerns, don’t delay—seek medical advice early.

Dr Amitabha Das is Consultant Neurosurgeon & Minimally Invasive Spine Surgeon

[Disclaimer: The information provided in the article, including treatment suggestions shared by doctors, is intended for general informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.]