Seborrheic Dermatitis: How Does This Skin Condition Affect The Scalp? Know Symptoms, And Ways To Treat

Seborrheic dermatitis typically arises from a blend of genetic predisposition and environmental influences. While this condition can be bothersome, it is non-contagious.

Seborrheic dermatitis is a prevalent skin issue that primarily impacts the scalp. It results in flaky patches, irritated skin, and persistent dandruff. It typically targets oily regions of the body like the face, nose sides, eyebrows, ears, eyelids, and chest.

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By Dr Shareefa Chause

Seborrheic dermatitis typically does not pose a serious threat to one's health but the persistent itch, rash, and other symptoms can make their daily life quite uncomfortable. Fortunately, there are several effective treatment methods available, and in some cases, seborrheic dermatitis may resolve spontaneously or with the use of appropriate shampoo and skincare products. It is the need of the hour to follow the treatment guidelines given by the dermatologist only.

Seborrheic dermatitis is a prevalent skin issue that primarily impacts the scalp. It results in flaky patches, irritated skin, and persistent dandruff. It typically targets oily regions of the body like the face, nose sides, eyebrows, ears, eyelids, and chest. While this condition can be bothersome, it is non-contagious and does not lead to permanent hair loss. In cases where symptoms persist, various successful treatments are available to alleviate symptoms and prevent future flare-ups of seborrheic dermatitis.

What causes seborrheic dermatitis?

Seborrheic dermatitis typically arises from a blend of genetic predisposition and environmental influences. The primary factor is an inflammatory response to  Malassezia yeast, also known as pityrosporum, which naturally resides on the skin's surface and is the main culprit behind seborrheic dermatitis. It results in a fungal acneiform condition.

When Malassezia proliferates, the immune system may excessively react, leading to seborrhoeic patches, and skin inflammation and irritation. 

Did you know that psoriasis, HIV, acne, rosacea, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, alcoholism, depression, eating disorders, stroke and heart attack are the triggering factors of this condition. 

Some common triggers for this condition include stress from life events such as cardiac episodes, hormonal fluctuations or illnesses, exposure to harsh detergents, solvents, chemicals or soaps, cold and dry weather conditions, and certain medications. Seborrheic dermatitis is a type of eczema that is not transmissible between individuals but rather arises from a mix of genetic susceptibility and external factors.

What are the symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis?

Symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis may manifest as flaky skin (dandruff) on the scalp, hair, eyebrows, beard, or moustache. Greasy patches of skin with white or yellow scales may appear on various areas such as the scalp, face, nose sides, eyebrows, ears, eyelids, chest, armpits, groin region, or under the breasts. 

One should seek immediate treatment after noticing the symptoms.

How to treat seborrheic dermatitis

Treatment of seborrheic dermatitis involves a combination of medicated shampoos, topical creams, and lifestyle modifications. One key aspect that is often overlooked is the importance of finding the right shampoo with active ingredients such as ketoconazole or selenium sulphide. 

These ingredients help to reduce inflammation and control the overgrowth of yeast on the skin, which are common triggers for seborrheic dermatitis flare-ups. 

Another crucial factor in managing seborrheic dermatitis is maintaining good skincare habits. This includes using gentle cleansers and moisturisers to keep the skin hydrated without aggravating the condition further.  

Avoid harsh chemical products and excessive scrubbing, as these can irritate the skin and worsen symptoms. 

By adopting a holistic approach that addresses both external treatments and internal triggers, individuals with seborrheic dermatitis can better manage their condition and improve their overall skin health.

How to prevent seborrheic dermatitis

To prevent the condition, one must maintain a regular hair and skincare routine using gentle, non-irritating products. They should avoid harsh chemicals and detergents to prevent flare-ups of the skin condition. 

Eating a balanced diet rich in vitamins, minerals, and essential fatty acids can support skin health and reduce inflammation associated with seborrheic dermatitis.

Managing stress levels through practices such as meditation, yoga, or exercise can also play a role in preventing flare-ups of the condition by supporting overall immune function and reducing inflammatory responses in the body.

(The author is a Mumbai-based dermatologist.)

[Disclaimer: Information provided in this article is for general guidance only. Individual results may vary. It is important to consult a healthcare professional, who knows your body type and medical history, before implementing the suggestions and information provided herein.]