What Are Uterine Fibroids? How Do They Cause Infertility? See What Experts Say

Uterine fibroids are benign growths seen in the uterus and can lead to a variety of health problems for women, including infertility.

All about uterine fibroids (Representational Image)

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Infertility affects millions of couples across the country. One specific cause in women is uterine fibroids, an increasingly prevalent condition that can have a significant impact on fertility. Uterine fibroids are benign growths seen in the uterus and can lead to a variety of health problems for women. There is a significant increase in the number of girls being diagnosed with uterine fibroids, which in turn are raising concerns about their future fertility. But, before understanding how uterine fibroids lead to infertility, let's know what fibroids are.

What Are Fibroids?

Dr Swetha Lalgudi, who is an Obstetrician and Gynecologist, at Zynova Shalby Hospital said, "Fibroids are noncancerous growths that develop in the uterus. They are small, firm lumps or tumors made up of muscle and connective tissue. They can vary in size, from as small as a seed to as large as a grapefruit."

"The exact cause of fibroids is not entirely clear, but hormones, especially estrogen and progesterone, seem to play a role in their growth. Additionally, genetics and family history can also increase the likelihood of developing fibroids," she added.

Symptoms Of Uterine fibroids:

In this regard, Dr Aarti Rapol, who is a Consultant of Infertility &IVF at Ankura Hospital, Pune said, "Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous tumors that develop within the uterus, often causing symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and pressure on the bladder or bowel. Unfortunately, these fibroids not only affect a girl's overall health but also her ability to conceive."

How Uterine Fibroids Develop?

Dr Kiran Coelho, who is a Gynecologist, at Lilavati Hospital Mumbai said that environmental factors may play a role in this uptick, as exposure to certain pollutants and chemicals can contribute to the development of fibroids at an early age.

How Fibroids Cause Infertility?

Explaining this, Dr Kiran Coelho said, "Fibroids tend to block the fallopian tubes, making it difficult for sperm to reach and fertilize an egg. Additionally, they can interfere with implantation by affecting blood flow to the uterine lining. These structural abnormalities can severely hinder a woman's ability to conceive naturally and increase her risk of miscarriage. The rise in infertility among young girls due to uterine fibroids is alarming and calls for further investigation. It is the need of the hour for girls above 15 to consult the gynaecologist on a regular basis and know about their reproductive health."

Lastly, Dr Kekin Gala, who is in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department at Apollo Spectra Mumbai concluded, "Currently 2 out of every 3 women are suffering from uterine fibroids. Uterine cysts often cause heavy discharge, persistent abdominal pain, and irregular periods. Sometimes a uterine cyst is located in such a place that causes excruciating pain in the abdomen during sexual intercourse. Currently, the incidence of uterine tumors is highest in women between the ages of 25 and 30."

"Obese women have high levels of estrogen in their bodies and are more likely to develop tumors in their uterus. Such women face problems in pregnancy. If not treated on time, there is often a risk of infertility," she added.

[Disclaimer: The information provided in the article, including treatment suggestions shared by doctors, is intended for general informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.]