Babar Azam (80) and captain Sarfraz Ahmed (97) then kept England at bay but both batsmen were run out and any lingering hope Pakistan had went with them.
Woakes needed just three balls to have Fakhar Zaman out, caught by Joe Root at second slip, out for a duck.
Abid Ali (five) was then lbw to Woakes, with Paul Reiffel's decision upheld on umpire's call.
Seam bowler Woakes then nipped one back to have Mohammad Hafeez lbw for nought, although replays suggested Reiffel's verdict may have been overturned if Pakistan had reviewed the decision.
Babar, however, carried on from his 115 in a three-wicket defeat at Trent Bridge on Friday with a 59-ball fifty before advancing down the pitch to drive off-spinner Moeen Ali for six.
But a fourth-wicket partnership of 146 ended in frustrating fashion for Pakistan.
Sarfraz prodded at an Adil Rashid delivery and set off for a single.
But wicket-keeper Jos Buttler moved quickly from behind the stumps to throw the ball to the bowler's end where Rashid, with Babar trying to regain his ground, flicked the ball onto the stumps from behind his back without looking to complete a run-out.
A seemingly angry Sarfraz hit Rashid for four, six an four off successive deliveries.
But Rashid, in front of his Yorkshire home crowd, dismissed Shoaib Malik with a diving left-handed catch off his own bowling.
Safaraz was denied what would have been his third ODI hundred in bizarre fashion.
Buttler, having stopped the ball with his boot, saw the rebound fall kindly to run out Sarfraz, who narrowly failed to ground his bat in time.
Despite some late damage to David Willey's figures by Mohammad Hasnain, Pakistan were eventually all out for 297 in the 47th over.