Unlike other vaccines that is being tested which uses RNA development, the researchers used laboratory-made viral protein. They also clarified that they were able to achieve this in a short period of time as they were already working on a similar virus namely the coronaviruses that caused Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2003 and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2014.
For applying the vaccine, a fingertip size patch with microneedles will be utilised. This patch will be like using a Band-Aid and the microneedles made of sugar and protein will dissolve into the skin.
The study involved several medical professionals and doctors and the diverse expertise helped in speeding up the development. The researchers are now awaiting approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) after which they plan to begin human trials.