Kerala government is the first state government to move the Supreme Court against the Act, which has been opposed by several state. It was also the first state assembly to move a resolution against CAA.
In the petition, the government stated that the act violates "Articles 14, 21, and 25 of the Constitution of India" and is violative of the basic structure principle of secularism as well.
It has sought to declare it as ultra vires the Constitution.
The hearing on the petition may take place on January 22.
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This came days after the Kerala Assembly passed a resolution seeking withdrawal of the CAA.
Earlier this month, Kerala Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan wrote letters to his counterparts in 11 states asking them to consider passing a similar resolution like that of his state.
On December 31, it was a rare moment when the traditional political rivals, the CPI-M led Left Front and the Congress-led United Democratic Front (UDF) joined hands to pass a resolution in the Kerala Assembly seeking the withdrawal of the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), while the lone dissent came from the BJP legislator O. Rajagopal.
(with inputs from agencies)