World Stroke Day 2023: There Are 3 Types Of Brain Strokes. Know The Symptoms And 5 Underlying Causes

Brain Strokes affect people of all ages, often with life-altering consequences.

(By Dr.Vikram Huded who is a Director & Clinical lead Interventional Neurology Narayana Health City , Bangalore)

The term "brain stroke" is not unfamiliar to most, but its gravity and diversity often remain underestimated. Brain strokes are a global health crisis. They affect people of all ages, often with life-altering consequences. Below are explored different types of brain strokes, their symptoms, and the underlying causes, highlighting the urgency of this issue.

Types of Brain Strokes:

1. Ischemic Stroke: This is the most common type, occurring when a blood clot obstructs a blood vessel, reducing blood flow to the brain. Ischemic strokes account for nearly 87% of all stroke cases.

2. Hemorrhagic Stroke: These strokes result from the rupture of a blood vessel in the brain, causing bleeding into the brain tissue. While less common, they tend to be more severe and often require surgical intervention.

3. Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): Also known as a "mini-stroke," TIAs are brief, temporary episodes with stroke-like symptoms that resolve on their own. They serve as warning signs and should not be ignored.

Symptoms:

• Sudden Numbness or Weakness: Typically on one side of the body, affecting the face, arm, or leg.


• Trouble Speaking or Understanding Speech: Slurred speech or difficulty comprehending language.


• Severe Headache: Especially in the case of hemorrhagic strokes.


• Vision Problems: Sudden blurred or blackened vision.


• Dizziness and Loss of Balance: Difficulty walking or maintaining balance.


• Confusion: A sudden state of mental disarray.

Underlying Causes

• Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): The leading cause of brain strokes.


• Atrial Fibrillation: An irregular heartbeat increases the risk of blood clots and stroke.


• Smoking and Alcohol Consumption: Lifestyle choices play a significant role in stroke risk.


• Diabetes: High blood sugar levels damage blood vessels, increasing the likelihood of stroke.


• Family History: A family history of stroke can elevate personal risk.

In recent years, strokes are on the rise, particularly in younger individuals. Hence, it is imperative that awareness is raised, lifestyle modifications are encouraged and early medical intervention is prioritised. 

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