Breast Cancer Awareness Month 2023: Signs, Risk Factors, Treatment And All You Need To Know About Breast Cancer In Men

Breast cancer is often associated with women. However, it's time to shatter the stereotype and shed light on a less-talked-about aspect of this disease – breast cancer in men.

(By Dr Mayur R Shetty, who is a Consultant Cosmetics and Plastic Surgery, at Narayana Health City Bangalore)

Breast cancer is often associated with women. However, it's time to shatter the stereotype and shed light on a less-talked-about aspect of this disease – breast cancer in men.

Recognizing the Signs

Men and women share common breast anatomy, making breast cancer symptoms similar. Men should be vigilant about changes in their breast tissue, such as lumps, nipple discharge (other than milk), and breast pain.

Gynecomastia

The most commonly confused condition with male breast cancer is gynecomastia, an abnormal enlargement of the breast in men, which occurs as a result of hormonal imbalances during puberty. Gynecomastia is treated by liposuction and gland removal to contour the chest. This should be differentiated from male breast cancer which is much more rare but needs timely diagnosis and intervention.

Risk Factors

Several risk factors contribute to male breast cancer, including age, family history, genetic mutations (BRCA2), and radiation exposure. Hormonal imbalances and conditions like Klinefelter syndrome can also heighten the risk.

Early Detection Matters

Diagnosis involves mammograms, ultrasounds, and biopsies, just like in women. The staging system used for men is the same, ranging from stage 0 (non-invasive) to stage IV (advanced). Early detection is crucial for effective treatment.

Treatment Options

Treatment for male breast cancer usually includes surgery, radiation therapy, and systemic therapies like chemotherapy and hormone therapy. Each case is unique, and treatment plans should be personalized.

The good news is that the survival rates for male breast cancer are quite promising, especially when diagnosed at an early stage. On average, around 85% of men survive at least five years post-diagnosis.

Genetic Testing: A Game-Changer

Considering the significant role of genetic mutations in male breast cancer, genetic testing is paramount. Identifying such mutations can not only guide treatment decisions but also help family members assess their own risk.

Break the Stigma

It's high time we break the stigma surrounding male breast cancer. Awareness and open dialogue are essential. Men should feel comfortable discussing their health concerns with healthcare professionals.

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