Her post was in reference to speculation about her citizenship since she was born in Copenhagen, Denmark.
In a video online, Deepika is also seen fielding a question on her citizenship at a press event.
She said: "I hold an Indian passport... from where do you get this information anyway."
When she was cross-questioned about having been born in Denmark, Deepika said: "But I still have an Indian passport. There's a lot of complication and I am very much an Indian, a proud Indian citizen."
For casting her vote on Monday, Deepika chose a casual look in a pair of jeans and a loose shirt.
Her husband, actor Ranveer Singh also cast his vote and took to social media to share a picture of his inked finger.
Lok Sabha Elections 2019: PICS! SRK, Amitabh Bachchan, Aishwarya Rai, Kareena Kapoor, Deepika, Salman Khan, Aamir, Ranbir, Ranveer, Priyanka, SRK & other celebs cast their votes
On the Bollywood front, Deepika will next be seen in "Chhapaak", a film based on an acid attack survivor and directed by Meghna Gulzar. It also stars Vikrant Massey.