Why Is January 26 Celebrated As Republic Day In India?

A grand parade is held at Kartvya Path, formerly known as Rajpath, in the national capital that showcases India’s rich cultural heritage, military might, and technological advancements.

Republic Day 2025: Republic Day commemorates the adoption of the Constitution of India in 1950, marking India's transition to a republic, where the President, rather than a monarch, became the head of state. The Constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on November 26, 1949 and came into effect on January 26, 1950.

The Significance Of January 26

The Indian National Congress (INC) had in 1930 declared January 26 as "Purna Swaraj Diwas" (Complete Independence Day), calling for full independence from British colonial rule. Although India did not achieve complete independence on this date, it laid the foundation for the nation’s future struggle for freedom.

When India finally gained independence on August 15, 1947, the country continued to be governed by the British-drafted Government of India Act, 1935, as a temporary measure. The drafting of the Indian Constitution, led by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and other prominent leaders, became a monumental task. The Constitution was officially adopted on November 26, 1949, but it came into effect on January 26, 1950.

Adoption Of The Constitution

The Constitution of India came into force on January 26, 1950, making India a sovereign and democratic republic. This was a historic moment as the nation’s laws, principles, and governance structures were defined, ensuring equality, justice, and freedom for all its citizens. The then President of India, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, took the first oath of office on this day, formally marking India’s emergence as a republic.

76th Republic Day Celebrations

A grand parade is held at Kartvya Path, formerly known as Rajpath, in the national capital that showcases India’s rich cultural heritage, military might, and technological advancements. The parade is followed by a 21-gun salute, paying homage to the nation’s sovereignty. 

President Droupadi Murmu will lead the nation in celebrating the momentous occasion and Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto will be the chief guest. A marching contingent and a band contingent from Indonesia will be participating in the parade.

The arrival of the president and her Indonesian counterpart will be escorted by the President's Bodyguard, the seniormost regiment of the Indian Army.