While replying to a debate on the motion of thanks to the President's address in the Rajya Sabha, Modi claimed the concept of Aadhaar was mooted in 1998 by the then home minister L K Advani, who spoke about a universally used national identity card.
As Modi sought to shear the previous Congress government of the credit for Aadhaar, Chowdhury burst into a guffaw, drawing disapproval of Chairman M Venkaiah Naidu.
"If you have some problem, go to a doctor, please," an irritated Naidu told Chowdhury.
Smiling broadly, Modi requested Naidu not to restrain the Congress MP.
"It is for the first time after the Ramayana serial that we are having the good fortune of hearing such laughter today," Modi said without elaborating, but apparently hinting at a negative character in the serial.
This didn't stop here, hours after the argument, Minister of State for Home Affairs Kiren Rijiju took to his Facebook account and shared a video of Ramayan's negative character Sroopnakha.
Chowdhury objected to Modi's comment but that was not mentioned in the official records of the proceedings.
Information and Broadcasting Minister Smriti Irani stood up to counter Chowdhury but what she said could not be heard in the din.
Later in an interaction with news agency ANI, Chowdhury accused Modi of "denigrating the status of a woman".
"Prime Minister made a personal remark, what else do you expect from him? I can't fall to that level to reply to him. This is actually called denigrating the status of a woman," she said.
She also mimicked Modi while commenting on PM's remark.
(With inputs from agencies)