By Dr. Surveen Ghumman Sindhu
In-vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a complex and emotionally challenging process. It involves a myriad of physical and psychological stress for those involved, not to mention the financial hurdles. The procedure, designed to assist with fertility issues, involves a series of intricate steps: hormone injections to stimulate egg production, surgical retrieval of eggs, fertilisation in a laboratory setting, and finally, the transfer of embryos to the uterus. Each of these stages carries its own set of risks and uncertainties. For many, the journey through IVF is a test of resilience, creating a rollercoaster of emotions and requiring a strong support system.
However, what can't be denied is the fact that IVF was a groundbreaking invention that revolutionised fertility treatment, offering hope and the possibility of parenthood to countless individuals and couples who faced infertility. The World IVF Day is observed annually on July 25 to honour the progress made in fertility medicine since the landmark birth resulting from IVF in 1978.
While women undergoing the procedure, and their family and support system, need to constantly balance hope and realism, it is important that they understand the process involved. The following step-by-step guide may help you know what to expect during an IVF cycle, alleviating your anxiety and uncertainty.
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Understanding IVF: A Step-By-Step Guide
Week 1: Initial Consultation and Testing
- Meet with your fertility specialist to discuss medical history, fertility goals, and treatment options.
- Undergo initial testing, including semen analysis, ovarian reserve assessment, and infectious disease screening.
Week 2-3: Ovarian Stimulation
- Begin taking medications to stimulate egg production, typically injectable gonadotropins
- Attend regular monitoring appointments for ultrasound and blood work to track follicular growth
Final Egg Maturation with Trigger Shot (On 10-11 th day of injections)
- Take a trigger shot to mature eggs and prepare for retrieval
- Attend a final monitoring appointment to confirm egg maturity
Egg Retrieval (2 days after a trigger shot)
- Undergo a minor surgical procedure to retrieve eggs from the ovaries
- Light general anesthesia will be administered for comfort
Sperm Collection and Fertilisation (on day of egg retrieval)
- Provide a semen sample for fertilisation
- Eggs will be fertilized using ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection) or conventional insemination
Week 4: Embryo Culture and Monitoring
- Embryos will be cultured in a specialized laboratory for 3-5 days
- Monitor embryo growth and development through regular updates
Embryo Transfer
- Attend a transfer procedure, where a selected embryo(s) will be placed into the uterus
- Sedation or light anesthesia may be administered for comfort
Week 5-6: Post-Transfer Care and Pregnancy Testing
- Follow post-transfer instructions to optimize implantation
- Attend a pregnancy test appointment to confirm success
Every IVF cycle is unique. Remember to stay informed, communicate openly with your fertility team, and prioritise self-care throughout your journey.
By Dr. Surveen Ghumman Sindhu, Senior Director and Head IVF and Reproductive Medicine, Max Super Speciality Hospital Patparganj, Delhi.
[Disclaimer: The information provided in the article, including treatment suggestions shared by doctors, is intended for general informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.]