NASA’s Artemis mission is set to make history by sending the first woman and the first person of colour to the Moon’s South Pole, as humanity will return to the lunar surface after over 50 years. Here’s a glimpse of the extraordinary experiences awaiting Artemis astronauts:
Astronauts will observe the Sun hovering just above the horizon, casting shadows up to 50 times longer than their sources. This unique phenomenon occurs because the Sun’s light strikes the lunar surface at a low angle.
Despite its soft appearance, lunar regolith is composed of sharp, fragmented particles due to meteoroid impacts. This dust is abrasive and can potentially harm both astronauts and their equipment, says NASA.
The Moon’s surface accumulates static electricity from solar plasma and radiation. This causes dust to cling to surfaces and can interfere with electronics, prompting NASA to develop dust-resistant solutions.
With significantly lower gravity on the Moon, astronauts will experience a buoyant sensation, affecting how they perform tasks and making their spacesuits feel lighter.
From the lunar surface, astronauts will witness Earth in various phases, opposite to the Moon’s phases. This shifting view will provide a new perspective on our home planet.
The Moon’s smaller size makes its horizon appear much closer, shortening the distance to only 1.5 miles, which can make the lunar landscape feel more enclosed.
The Moon’s South Pole experiences extreme temperature variations, from frigid lows in shadowed craters to scorching highs in sunlit areas, creating a stark contrast in conditions.
Without an atmosphere to scatter sunlight, the Moon’s sky remains completely black during the day, creating a dramatic visual contrast with the brightly illuminated lunar surface.
The Moon’s surface features rugged landscapes, including mountains, valleys, and numerous craters. Navigating this uneven terrain near the South Pole will require careful skill and specialised equipment.