Understanding Glaucoma: Know Its Causes, And Diagnosis

Causes of Glaucoma:

Increased Intraocular Pressure (IOP): The most significant risk factor for glaucoma is elevated pressure in the eye, which can damage the optic nerve.

Age: People over 60 are at higher risk, especially for open-angle glaucoma.

Ethnicity: African Americans, Asians, and Hispanics are at higher risk for certain types of glaucoma.

Family History: Having a family history of glaucoma increases the risk.

Medical Conditions: Diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease can increase the risk of developing glaucoma.

Eye Injuries: Trauma to the eye can result in increased eye pressure.

Diagnosis of Glaucoma:

Tonometry: Measures the pressure inside the eye.

Ophthalmoscopy: Examines the optic nerve for signs of damage.

Perimetry: Tests the visual field for areas of vision loss.

Gonioscopy: Inspects the drainage angle of the eye to determine whether it's open or closed.

Pachymetry: Measures the thickness of the cornea, which can influence eye pressure readings.

Inputs by: Dr Nikhil Sardar, Senior Consultant, Ophthalmology, Nanavati Max Super Speciality Hospital